# Protocol Design **URL:** https://forum.anoma.net/c/protocol-design/25.md [Latest](https://forum.anoma.net/latest.md) · [Categories](https://forum.anoma.net/categories.md) · [Tags](https://forum.anoma.net/tags.md) --- ## [About the Protocol Design category](https://forum.anoma.net/t/about-the-protocol-design-category/295)
**Author:** [@cwgoes](https://forum.anoma.net/u/cwgoes)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [October 11, 2023, 7:03pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/about-the-protocol-design-category/295 "2023-10-11T19:03:43Z")
This category is for protocol design discussions. --- ## [AL Design Doc: Affordances, Applications, and Costs](https://forum.anoma.net/t/al-design-doc-affordances-applications-and-costs/2756)
**Author:** [@l4e21](https://forum.anoma.net/u/l4e21)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [September 25, 2026, 9:57am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/al-design-doc-affordances-applications-and-costs/2756 "2026-09-25T09:57:02Z")
AL Design Doc: Affordances, Applications, and Costs The purpose of this post is to attempt to provide more digestible examples of the affordances which AL provides, which hopefully will be intelligible to the reader. To … --- ## [AL Design Doc: Effects on the Edge](https://forum.anoma.net/t/al-design-doc-effects-on-the-edge/2751)
**Author:** [@l4e21](https://forum.anoma.net/u/l4e21)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [September 15, 2026, 8:23am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/al-design-doc-effects-on-the-edge/2751 "2026-09-15T08:23:06Z")
AL Design Doc: Effects on the Edge So far AL has mainly focused on its basic relational/object semantics within a transaction. I feel that AL’s intra-transactional semantics are now relatively well-defined and am happy w… --- ## [Interoperability between declarative and imperative paradigms via PA](https://forum.anoma.net/t/interoperability-between-declarative-and-imperative-paradigms-via-pa/2686)
**Author:** [@vveiln](https://forum.anoma.net/u/vveiln)\ **Replies:** 14\ **Last updated:** [September 4, 2026, 11:21pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/interoperability-between-declarative-and-imperative-paradigms-via-pa/2686 "2026-09-04T23:21:08Z")
The goal of this post is to describe the problem of interoperability of different paradigms and propose the short- and long- term solution that involves minimal changes but preserves maximum generality. Declarative vs i… --- ## [Should Rome be used for the Solana Protocol Adapter?](https://forum.anoma.net/t/should-rome-be-used-for-the-solana-protocol-adapter/2746)
**Author:** [@AHart](https://forum.anoma.net/u/AHart)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [September 3, 2026, 2:42pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/should-rome-be-used-for-the-solana-protocol-adapter/2746 "2026-09-03T14:42:38Z")
Hello. @graphomath asked me about Rome, a framework for converting EVM/solidity contracts into a form that works on Solana. Right now, we have a working version of the PA for Solana. If we used Rome, all that would be sc… --- ## [AL Design Doc: Where Does a Value Live? Storage as Configuration in Developing AL Towards a Temporal Semantics](https://forum.anoma.net/t/al-design-doc-where-does-a-value-live-storage-as-configuration-in-developing-al-towards-a-temporal-semantics/2743)
**Author:** [@l4e21](https://forum.anoma.net/u/l4e21)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [August 23, 2026, 6:43pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/al-design-doc-where-does-a-value-live-storage-as-configuration-in-developing-al-towards-a-temporal-semantics/2743 "2026-08-23T18:43:34Z")
AL Design Doc: Where Does a Value Live? Storage as Configuration in Developing AL Towards a Temporal Semantics Summary This article goes over the recent set of changes to AL since . I describe the new constraint store, t… --- ## [AL Design Doc: Proposal for AL Phase 2](https://forum.anoma.net/t/al-design-doc-proposal-for-al-phase-2/2678)
**Author:** [@l4e21](https://forum.anoma.net/u/l4e21)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [May 19, 2026, 9:52am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/al-design-doc-proposal-for-al-phase-2/2678 "2026-05-19T09:52:12Z")
Here is a proposal for the second phase of AL work. We have been spending time improving the event broker and working on some other areas General improvements to the virtual machine, addition of special VM classes and… --- ## [Engines as contracts](https://forum.anoma.net/t/engines-as-contracts/2564)
**Author:** [@jonathan](https://forum.anoma.net/u/jonathan)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [January 22, 2026, 4:48am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/engines-as-contracts/2564 "2026-01-22T04:48:27Z")
A brief wip idea here. The motivation for this post is twofold: on one hand, these days, Anoma’s engine architecture is glossed over; other priorities, I know. On the other hand, I’ve been exploring related ideas in the … --- ## [Some Notes On The Solana Protocol Adapter Prototype](https://forum.anoma.net/t/some-notes-on-the-solana-protocol-adapter-prototype/2542)
**Author:** [@AHart](https://forum.anoma.net/u/AHart)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [January 1, 2026, 11:54am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/some-notes-on-the-solana-protocol-adapter-prototype/2542 "2026-01-01T11:54:41Z")
I recently started implementing the Solana Protocol Adapter, and this post is meant to summarize the core design decisions and considerations. This will, hopefully, be read by @ArtemG in particular and anyone else that n… --- ## [Desiderata for the AVM](https://forum.anoma.net/t/desiderata-for-the-avm/2418)
**Author:** [@cwgoes](https://forum.anoma.net/u/cwgoes)\ **Replies:** 6\ **Last updated:** [December 17, 2025, 4:01pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/desiderata-for-the-avm/2418 "2025-12-17T16:01:47Z")
Preface Designing a VM is no small task. A wide variety of different examples and design choices can be found in the literature, but none of them are likely to suit our context exactly – we need to pick and choose the pi… --- ## [MicroVM architecture for execution & message passing](https://forum.anoma.net/t/microvm-architecture-for-execution-message-passing/2535)
**Author:** [@tg-x](https://forum.anoma.net/u/tg-x)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [December 12, 2025, 12:53pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/microvm-architecture-for-execution-message-passing/2535 "2025-12-12T12:53:31Z")
I propose a microVM-based architecture as the execution environment and message passing system between processes/services/engines in a distributed operating system. MicroVMs MicroVMs are language-agnostic single-applica… --- ## [Storage request authorisation](https://forum.anoma.net/t/storage-request-authorisation/2532)
**Author:** [@vveiln](https://forum.anoma.net/u/vveiln)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [December 9, 2025, 1:43pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/storage-request-authorisation/2532 "2025-12-09T13:43:38Z")
In the proposed design for key management, to allow users to retrieve data from the remote storage, we assume the storage ids being associated with users in some way. Initially we didn’t plan how to authorize store reque… --- ## [Pledge On Anoma OS](https://forum.anoma.net/t/pledge-on-anoma-os/230)
**Author:** [@mariari](https://forum.anoma.net/u/mariari)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [November 30, 2025, 3:18pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/pledge-on-anoma-os/230 "2025-11-30T15:18:22Z")
General Idea pledge is an interesting tool from the openbsd world, it allows a program to pledge to operate in a restricted fashion. If those restrictions are violated in any ways, the underlying operating system will SI… --- ## [Error handling flow generalities](https://forum.anoma.net/t/error-handling-flow-generalities/1511)
**Author:** [@ray](https://forum.anoma.net/u/ray)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [November 28, 2025, 4:44pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/error-handling-flow-generalities/1511 "2025-11-28T16:44:15Z")
Notes on this diagram: An “unrecoverable error” is one that can’t be resolved at the current level. It will become some other sort of error at a different level; the limit of this is “the system barfs an error at th… --- ## [AVM ISA: What we’re currently building and why at 12/11/25](https://forum.anoma.net/t/avm-isa-what-we-re-currently-building-and-why-at-12-11-25/2464)
**Author:** [@jonathan](https://forum.anoma.net/u/jonathan)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [November 24, 2025, 3:37pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/avm-isa-what-we-re-currently-building-and-why-at-12-11-25/2464 "2025-11-24T15:37:06Z")
The AVM ISA is currently specified in a series of entries in my notes. The following contains some thoughts and updates on what I’ve been working on during the last couple of days, based on discussions with @cwgoes and @… --- ## [Another look at AVM objects as today 12/11/25](https://forum.anoma.net/t/another-look-at-avm-objects-as-today-12-11-25/2467)
**Author:** [@jonathan](https://forum.anoma.net/u/jonathan)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [November 12, 2025, 1:16pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/another-look-at-avm-objects-as-today-12-11-25/2467 "2025-11-12T13:16:51Z")
This post continues the series on the AVM architecture as AVM ISA: What we’re currently building and why at 12/11/25. This entry is related to the object and introspection instructions of the AVM or better, an example o… --- ## [Flat Transaction Constraint](https://forum.anoma.net/t/flat-transaction-constraint/2466)
**Author:** [@jonathan](https://forum.anoma.net/u/jonathan)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [November 12, 2025, 12:35pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/flat-transaction-constraint/2466 "2025-11-12T12:35:13Z")
One decision we made for the current transaction layer is to forbid transaction nesting. This post is about what that is, the solutions I saw, and related topics. Another issue is forbidding cross-controller transactions… --- ## [AVM Instruction Set - Instr₀](https://forum.anoma.net/t/avm-instruction-set-instr/2416)
**Author:** [@jonathan](https://forum.anoma.net/u/jonathan)\ **Replies:** 3\ **Last updated:** [October 29, 2025, 4:51pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/avm-instruction-set-instr/2416 "2025-10-29T16:51:55Z")
The content of this post is superseded by AVM Lab - AVM Lab Specifications. Please visit that for the latest development. We keep the following for the record. Forgive the length of the content; it’s a compilation of t… --- ## [WIP: Design of a transparent/local AVM](https://forum.anoma.net/t/wip-design-of-a-transparent-local-avm/2119)
**Author:** [@cwgoes](https://forum.anoma.net/u/cwgoes)\ **Replies:** 5\ **Last updated:** [October 25, 2025, 12:10am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/wip-design-of-a-transparent-local-avm/2119 "2025-10-25T00:10:33Z")
This post is a WIP, posting to save – please ignore for now. What might it look like to design a local AVM? This post aims to explore this question. Note that a local AVM is the same thing as a transparent AVM, for b… --- ## [Architecture meeting: The Elixir GT Bridge](https://forum.anoma.net/t/architecture-meeting-the-elixir-gt-bridge/2386)
**Author:** [@mariari](https://forum.anoma.net/u/mariari)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [October 17, 2025, 3:27am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/architecture-meeting-the-elixir-gt-bridge/2386 "2025-10-17T03:27:12Z")
Instead of the written word, this architecture meeting was recorded. Enjoy --- ## [Message type encoding](https://forum.anoma.net/t/message-type-encoding/2324)
**Author:** [@tg-x](https://forum.anoma.net/u/tg-x)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [October 15, 2025, 3:42am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/message-type-encoding/2324 "2025-10-15T03:42:20Z")
We need a type system with algebraic data types to describe messages, both on the network layer sent over the wire and messages stored in the network, with versioned messages in both cases. We also need a binary encodin… --- ## [Local Domain Storage Upgrade](https://forum.anoma.net/t/local-domain-storage-upgrade/2334)
**Author:** [@l4e21](https://forum.anoma.net/u/l4e21)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [October 3, 2025, 10:56am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/local-domain-storage-upgrade/2334 "2025-10-03T10:56:35Z")
We are looking to take advantage of the move from ETS to Mnesia as much as possible. There are two things this can buy us, that should inform the design of the API Transactions Before, all reads and writes were ‘dirty’… --- ## [Decentralized Name System](https://forum.anoma.net/t/decentralized-name-system/1393)
**Author:** [@tg-x](https://forum.anoma.net/u/tg-x)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [April 16, 2025, 4:15pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/decentralized-name-system/1393 "2025-04-16T16:15:37Z")
In this topic we’ll explore the design of a Decentralized Name System. Here’s a brief overview of the design to start. Design overview The decentralized identity & name system allows identities (e.g. user/topic/domain/… --- ## [Controller report report: a report on the controller report](https://forum.anoma.net/t/controller-report-report-a-report-on-the-controller-report/2316)
**Author:** [@ray](https://forum.anoma.net/u/ray)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [September 25, 2025, 1:32am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/controller-report-report-a-report-on-the-controller-report/2316 "2025-09-25T01:32:23Z")
(Post title made stupid because the forum software complains otherwise, sorry.) Implementing consistent controller tags seems reasonably possible, and in particular the concept of controllers that differ only in emergen… --- ## [How to use Anoma's GT Tools](https://forum.anoma.net/t/how-to-use-anomas-gt-tools/1971)
**Author:** [@mariari](https://forum.anoma.net/u/mariari)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [July 24, 2025, 6:21pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/how-to-use-anomas-gt-tools/1971 "2025-07-24T18:21:19Z")
I’m sure people have seen many screenshots of our GT tooling and wonder “how do I get that” Well ask no more, linked below is a small tutorial that shows you how to get up to speed in less than 5 minute. H… --- ## [Reifying the local domain, solver, and controller in the AVM](https://forum.anoma.net/t/reifying-the-local-domain-solver-and-controller-in-the-avm/2059)
**Author:** [@cwgoes](https://forum.anoma.net/u/cwgoes)\ **Replies:** 4\ **Last updated:** [August 6, 2025, 3:02pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/reifying-the-local-domain-solver-and-controller-in-the-avm/2059 "2025-08-06T15:02:12Z")
Introduction In general, we want to gradually reify entities in the distributed system as objects in the AVM, so that eventually we can describe the AVM transition function purely in terms of messages sent between object… --- ## [Semantics of non-methods in the object system](https://forum.anoma.net/t/semantics-of-non-methods-in-the-object-system/1685)
**Author:** [@vveiln](https://forum.anoma.net/u/vveiln)\ **Replies:** 18\ **Last updated:** [August 5, 2025, 9:07am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/semantics-of-non-methods-in-the-object-system/1685 "2025-08-05T09:07:45Z")
This post contains some thoughts on the relationship between object behaviour and resource behaviour and in particular the semantics of non-method calls. An example situation in the RM realm Let’s consider the following… --- ## [Goose v0.1.0 summary](https://forum.anoma.net/t/goose-v0-1-0-summary/1726)
**Author:** [@Lukasz](https://forum.anoma.net/u/Lukasz)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [July 29, 2025, 11:40am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/goose-v0-1-0-summary/1726 "2025-07-29T11:40:05Z")
This post provides a high-level description of GOOSE v0.1.0. AVM data structures Object Object in Goose/Object.lean concrete object representation consists of: classLabel determines the object’s class quantity : Nat p… --- ## [Remote subscriptions](https://forum.anoma.net/t/remote-subscriptions/1831)
**Author:** [@ray](https://forum.anoma.net/u/ray)\ **Replies:** 4\ **Last updated:** [July 25, 2025, 4:14pm UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/remote-subscriptions/1831 "2025-07-25T16:14:01Z")
Here are some considerations on remote subscriptions. Within a trusted scope (i.e., within a particular node) the event broker works for subscriptions by filtering based on subscriber-provided filter functions. One … --- ## [Primer on lattices in access & information flow control](https://forum.anoma.net/t/primer-on-lattices-in-access-information-flow-control/1910)
**Author:** [@graphomath](https://forum.anoma.net/u/graphomath)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [July 23, 2025, 10:12am UTC](https://forum.anoma.net/t/primer-on-lattices-in-access-information-flow-control/1910 "2025-07-23T10:12:19Z")
If you wonder why we do not only consider access control, note that a “practical system needs both access and flow control to satisfy all security requirements”\[1\]. Thus, we naturally will be lead to information flow co… [Next page](https://forum.anoma.net/c/protocol-design/25.md?page=1)